Gas-producer.



P. A. l. COUSIN.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. I6. 1912.

1,246,888. Patented Nov. 1917.

2 SHEETS- l.

P. A. J. COUSIN.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION man ocT.16, 1912.

1 ,246 ,888. l Patented Nov. 20, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIOE.

:PAUL .ACHILLE JOSEPH COUSIN`,` 0F LOOS-LEZ-LILLE, FRANCE.

GASFPBODUCER.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, PAUL ACHILLE JOSEPH COUSIN, citizen of the Republic of France, residing at 84 Rue Faidherbe, Loos-lez-Lille, Nord, in the Republic of. France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gas-Producers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to produce an improved gas producer capable of burning all kinds of fuel and of producing gas of varying compositions. i

A characteristic feature of this gas producer is that a central air distributer the orifices of which are completely covered by the water in the ash pit, is combined with a truncated conical producer chamber of downwardly flaring shape with the object of rendering spongy and easily breakable the layer of clinkers that is formed at the base of the charge of coal in the producer chamber, for the purpose of facilitating its breakage and descent into the ashpit.

An embodiment of this invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanydrawings in which:

figure -1 1s 'a vertlcal section of the gas producer onthe line A-A of Fig. 3,

Fig. 2 is a view of a detail, and

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line B-B of Fig. 1.

As shown the improved gas producer comprises a truncated conical producer chamber a of downwardl flaring shape snrrounded by a jacket of' refractory brickwork' b, a non-conducting filling of sand d and a cylindrical metal casing c. This casin c extends into the ashpit e and may form a iquid seal for internal pressures not exceeding a certain limit. Beyond this limit a movable bell f is employed which is adapted to be raised andlowered at will and which when immersed in the water in the ashpit e forms also a liquid seal, that shuts olf all communication between the interior of the producer chamber with the atmosphere.

A liquid seal between the casing c and the upper art of the bell f also helps to insure air-tig tness. For this purpose the upper art of the bell f is bent over and extended into a channel l fixed to the casing c which is kept lled with water.

The actuation of the movable bell f may be'eiected by means of counterweights g and chains h passing over pulleys i carried Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 20, 1917.

Application mea october 1e, 1912. serial No. 726,038.

by supports fixed to the casing c or by any other suitable mechanism.

The ashpit e has internallya conical or parabolic shape or the shape of another-surface of revolution suited to each kind of fuel. It ends at the middle of its lower part in a trench k into which the ashes and clinker fall and whence these are removed mechanically by a chain of buckets 7 or any other mechanism for raising the ashes to ground level. A distributer m may be provided for filling the buckets.

The ash hoist 7 is located as shown, 'in a trench 5 into which the water stands at the same level as in the ashpit e. The entire chamber a is supported on pillars n which may be for instance of cast iron, resting on blocks or piers of brickwork. 'The pillars n carry a metal ring o, for instance of cast iron which in its turn supports the entire upper part of the'gas producer.

A special device allows of blowing in air into the chamber beneath the level` of the The air distributer u is removable and `may be replaced by another having apertures situated on different levels. By means of a set of these distributers the air can be blown into the chamber at any desired height according to the rate of working of the producer and the kind of fuel used. In all cases the distributer has its apertures v situated below the level ofthe water in the ashpit.`

The gas producer is provided at its upper part with charging boxes, stoking holes and gas exit orifices in the usual manner.

The use of an air distributer having its apertures immersed insures that the injected air shall carry a considerable quantity of waterv which whenl projected upon the clinker that is in course of formation will render the said clinker spongy and friable so that the scaffolding 8 formed by the clinker at the base of the producer chamber will have' but little cohesion and can be easily broken away in the cleaning operation by means of an implement introduced through the upper apertures provided for this purpose.

Moreover as the scalfolding is broken away it descends naturally to the bottom of the producer chamber owing tothe downwardly Haring shape of the said chamber. This descent' is further facilitated by the circumstance Athat the clinker which has been rendered friable does not adhere very irmly to the sidespf the chamber. Before proceedingto break away the scaffolding, the top layer of clinker l0 in the ashpit is removed as usual in order to allow the scaffolding to descend.

The improved apparatus has the advantage of being capable of being worked at a great variety of rates as regards the temperature, the composition of the gas, the pressure of the air, the breaking up of the clinker and its removal from the ashpit, so that it can be worked with any kind of fuel.

The greater or ,less intensity in the rate of working is regulated both by the pressure of the air and the proportion of water which is carried into the roducf'f,1 chamber by the air. The inodificatlon in the pressure is permitted by means of the variable level liquid seal, and the proportion of water carried over by the air varies with the distributer that is used, because the distance of the apertures 'v from the water level in the producer chamber regulates the amount of water vapor that is formed since the air is thus caused to pass through a greater or less depth of water.

The clinker may be removed through the annular space w comprised between the wall j of the ashpit and the b ase of the casing c, the bell f being then completely raised.

The clinker may be cleaned out periodically by removing it through the bottom of the ash-pit e by means of the chain of buckets 7. The vertical sectional contours of the cone p, the ashpit e and the producer cham- -ber a must be designed according to the kind of fuel used, so as to cause the clinker to move down in layers parallel to the vertical sectional contour of the scaffolding 8, in order that the mass of fuel shall be uniformly pervious to air at all points.

The cleaning out of the clinker may also be eected in a continuous manner, for instance in the case of fuel containing a large proportion of ash. In such a case the chain of buckets 7 is run continuously at a low speed.

In case of a stoppage, the gas producer can remain for several days .withoutthe iire going out, ready for workmg again, provided that it is supplied with a small quantity of air.

The means to this end comprises a duct .fc provided with a cock or valve y of any kind extending into the producer chamber and opening at a point above the level of the water therein. In order that the upper part of this duct shall not become choked with ash, clinker or slag, the said part may be closed and perforated with small holes 4 in its periphery. On opening the cock y air` from this duct is allowed to enter the producer chamber in a small but suiiicient quantity for preventing the lire from going out. This means also prevents the formation of a mixture of gas and air in starting and the consequent risk of explosion.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. In a gas producer, the combination of an ash pit adapted to contain a body of liquid, a conical producer chamber having its base resting upon and communicatin with said ash pit, a casing surrounding said chamber and having its lower edge projecting beyond the same into the liquid in the ash pit, a liquid-filled channel carried by said casing adjacent its lower edge, a movable bell having a portion thereof projecting into the liquid in the ash pit and an angular portion resting in said channel, and means in the ash pit through whicha moist air-blast may be delivered to said producer chamber. l

2. In a gas producer, the combination of an ash pit adapted to contain a body of liquid, a series of pillars in said ash pit, a conical producer chamber having its base supported by said pillars and in openfcommunication with said ash pit, a casing surrounding said chamber and having its lower edge extended beyond the chamber and into the liquid .inthe ash pit, a liquidlled channel carried by said casing adjacent its lower edge, a movable bell dipping into the liquid in the ash pit and having an upper an lar portion resting in said channel, an air-directing cone supported in said ash pit below the normal liquid level therein, and an air distributing cap removably carried by said cone.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PAUL ACHILLE JOSEPH COUSIN.

ALFRED C. HARRISON. 

